![]() ![]() The World Bank piloted REDD, with an expectation that operationally it would allow countries to gain ‘carbon credits’ for reducing deforestation and degradation. This was followed by a thorough learning process regarding implementation.Īfter the UNFCCC Bali negotiations in 2007, there was renewed interest in the issue of REDD. First, interviews and group meetings were held with communities in the idea-generating phase, then a set of proposed structures were discussed and evaluated. Participation took place in an iterative manner. Structures for both were developed in a participatory way to make sure maximum community acceptance and participation. To aid this reversal, this project package two key elements of economic incentive – Reductions in Emissions from Deforestation and Degradation (REDD) and co-management. Developing innovative economic incentives to combat encroachmentĪuthorities and NGOs agreed that the only way the situation could be reversed is by providing a stronger economic incentive for protection over conversion. The current rate of land cover change from forest to agriculture shows a significant release of carbon stored in the forest. Furthermore, deforestation and degradation associated with agricultural expansion contributes to the emissions of greenhouse gases associated with climate change. The area around CTNP is a major cashew growing area, chiefly for the poorest in society since this hardy crop can grow on marginal sloping land with minimal water needs.Īlso, the wildlife trade in this area is rampant and is of concern, particularly for the boar, gaur and deer populations. Vietnam is the largest cashew exporter in the world, with exports totalling US$505 million in 2006, increasing annually by 10% and showing no sign of abating. The main cause of forest conversion is to plant ‘cash crops’ – particularly cashew nuts. Threats: Gradual encroachment is having a devastating impact on the minimum viable range of many mammal populations in the park, in particular the Javan Rhinoceros. This project sought to change this by working with all parties to achieve ‘win-wins’ that result in conservation within the park, economic flows to Vietnam and poverty reduction for poor neighbouring communities And the park wasn't delivering promised flows of economic benefits to the country, province or the local communities. Yet it faced competing priorities with the poor in Lam Dong province growing cash crops near and inside CTNP. ![]() This priority was a priority for the Vietnamese government, which was keen to avoid talk of extinction and to conserve the 82 critically endangered species who live in CTNP. Under the Convention in International Trade of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES), Vietnam receives criticism for its role as a regional hub for the wildlife trade but is praised for its efforts at implementing legislation. This project complements Vietnam’s responsibilities under the Convention of Biological Diversity (CBD), which it ratified in 1994. These include 40 globally threatened species and 82 species included in the Vietnam Red Data Book.Ĭonservation through community-based natural resource management is a named goal, and countering the wildlife trade are key priorities for Vietnam driven by international agreements. The diverse species include 1,300 species of plants, 76 mammals, 322 birds, 73 reptiles, 35 amphibian and 99 fish. Mammals include Asian Elephant, Wild Boar, Sambar Deer and Gaur as well as hosting all six native Vietnamese primate species. It supports several habitats, including lowland evergreen forest, lowland semi-deciduous forest, freshwater wetlands and seasonally inundated grasslands. Yet, there are fewer than ten individuals left.ĬTNP is also renowned as one of Southeast Asia’s havens for the conservation of large mammals. CTNP, one of the few lowland forest ecosystems in Southeast Asia remaining relatively intact and conservable, hosts the last population of the sub-species Rhinoceros sondaicus annamiticus in the world. This was expected to increase encroachment, the wildlife trade and anxiety of extinction.Īt the vanguard of conservation in Vietnam is the Javan rhinoceros. There are also plans to upgrade a track to a road within CTNP right through the Javan rhinoceros’ range. Land speculations by the richest and agricultural expansion by the poorest in Lam Dong province were resulting in encroachment onto Cat Tien National Park (CTNP). Even before the global food price rises, the choices for conserving the last population of Javan rhinoceros were looking dim.
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